Allegory Animal Farm Analysis - 773 Words

Animal Farm Allegory Essay According to dictionary.com, Revolution: an overthrown or repudiation and the thorough replacement of an established government or political system by the people governed. Orwell wrote Animal Farm to be a satire to the Russian Revolution. The oldest, wisest pig on the farm, Old Major, has a dream of a rebellion against the humans. He tells the idea to his fellow comrades and starts an uprise with the animals. Once Old Major died, the animals became tired of the farmer, Mr. Jones, knot feeding them and they ran Mr. Jones and his men out of the farm. The novel Animal Farm is an allegory of the Russian Revolution, The Soviet union, and Communism. The allegory of the Russian Revolution is the Animal Revolution. The†¦show more content†¦Trotsky and Stalin ruled with an iron fist to keep their country running how they liked and would not give any information or details to the common people so they could keep the people from asking questions. Much like how Snowball and Napoleon ruled Animal Farm. â€Å"‘Will there be any sugar after the Rebellion’ †¦ ‘No’ said Snowball,†(7). Mollie, a show horse with the allegory of the upper class, asked Snowball about her sugar. Snowball answered â€Å"No† because he does not want to have anything that would represent humans at the farm. Stalin and Trotsky would have said no to a question like that because they do not want The Soviet Union to have things when the Tsar was in power. The Soviet Union and Animal farm after the rebellion were lead, and acted the same making them an allegory. Animalism is an allegory to Communism. Communism is divided into two groups, the Proletariat and the Bourgeoisie, and is said that everyone is equal. Animalism is the same way. The Proletariat, or the upper class, would be animals like a show horse named Mollie and some of the pigs. While the Bourgeoisie, also known as the working class, would be the working horse boxer Boxer and the rest of the working animals. Animalism claimed that every animal was equal and they lived be the phrase â€Å"Four legs good, two legs bad,†(16). Snowball, Napoleon, and a pig named Squealer came up with the name of Animalism that mirrors the ideas andShow MoreRelatedHow Has George Orwell Used Animal Farm to Present His View of Human Nature?789 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Orwell’s Animal Farm is a satirical allegory through which he presents his cynical view of human nature. He uses the animal fable effectively to expose the issues of injustice, exploitation and inequality in human society . Orwell uses the allegory, Animal Farm, to present the story of The Russian Revolution and essentially express his opinions on the matter. By plainly exposing the unjust and corrupt system that is communism, Orwell is ultimately presenting his pessimistic view of humanRead MoreCharacteristic Of A Lion In Animal Farm, By George Orwell1668 Words   |  7 Pagesqualities with emotions such as if someone is larger, then they are depicted as dominant, or a person who smiles is considered friendly. The same process can happen in relation to the animal kingdom. A lion is considered noble or brave. When a person thinks about animals, they consider different human characteristics. In Animal Farm, by George Orwell, the book portrays these characteristics by creating pigs as leaders and dogs as followers, and horses as hard workers. This book is read in schools throughoutRead MoreHow Is Marxism Portrayed in Animal Farm by George Orwell? Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesHow is Marxism portrayed t hroughout ‘Animal Farm’ by George Orwell? The main aim of Marxism is to bring about a classless society, and ‘Animal Farm’ is generally considered to be a Marxist novel, as all its characters share a similar ambition at the beginning. ‘Animal Farm’ represents an example of the oppressed masses rising up to form their own classless society, whilst offering a subtle critique on Stalin’s Soviet Russia, and communism in general. Orwell is, ironically, revolutionary in hisRead MoreAnimal Farm Film Analysis838 Words   |  4 Pages This essay is a comparative analysis between the film and novel, Animal Farm. Animal Farm was written by George Orwell in 1943 and published on the 17th of August 1945. A motion picture of the novel was later produced on the 29th of December 1954 by director Joy Bachelor. There are many differences and similarities between the novel and film involving the use of characters, symbolism, themes, dialogue and events. Animal farm was a successful novel as the length was 112 pages, therefore the movieRead MoreAnimal Rebellion In George Orwells Animal Farm And Allegory1832 Words   |  8 PagesTHINK ABOUT ACTIVITY #1: ANIMAL FARM AND ALLEGORY. ** How is this story allegorical? If an allegory is â€Å"a figurative representation conveying a meaning other than and in addition to the literal,† then what is the additional or alternative meaning contained in Orwell’s story of animal rebellion? ANSWER: The story is allegorical, because the characters and the event in the animal farm, represents the actual characters and the event that took place during the Russia Revolution. -Additional meaningRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm923 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Farm Character Analysis Essay â€Å"Old major†¦ was so highly regarded on the farm that everyone was quite ready to lose an hour’s sleep in order to hear what he had to say† (Orwell 1). The author, George Orwell, portrayed Old Major as the wisest of all the animals on the farm, and without being said, Major was a big part of Animal Farm. In fact, he influenced the lives of all the animals with just one speech. On the day of this speech, Major taught all the animals his wise ideas in a kind supportingRead MoreAnimals Take Over in Animal Farm by George Orwell1370 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel â€Å"Animal Farm† by George Orwell, the animals take over the farm and develop their own independent society. Just as it happened during the Russian Revolution of 1917. George Orwell underlies the tension between the oppressed and the exploiting classes between the condescending ideals and harsh realities of socialism. During the course of the literary piece by George Orwell makes it clear how the animals are mistreated by â€Å"Mr. Jones â€Å", because of this treatment they are receiving; OldRead MoreLord Acton s Lack Of Corruption And Absolute Power Corrupts Absolutely Essay1335 Words   |  6 Pagesstatement is profoundly true in the world of politics, a more interesting analysis of his words may be found in the world of business management. There seems to be a practically never-ending search for the cause of corruption among leaders. Obviously, power is a factor, but is there more to it than just power? A look at one of the more entertaining tales of leadership, power, and corruption, George Orwell’s (2003) Animal Farm, shows there, indeed, may be more to the corruption of leaders than justRead MoreThe Storu- Animal Farm2755 Words   |  11 PagesThe story of Animal Farm is a political allegory of the situation of the communist Soviet Union. The author of the story George Orwel l attempts to describe the events of the communist Russia and the bloody Revolutions through the characters of the Animal Farm. The novel introduces the story of a an animal farm which is being used to destroy the living of the animals by competing for the power in the governance of the farm which leaves the farm shattered in the end. It also depicts that how democraciesRead MoreDisgrace by J.M Coetzee1300 Words   |  5 Pagesto receive his PhD in English, linguistics and Gemanic languages at the University of Texas. In 2002, Coetzee emigrated from South Africa to Adelaide, Australia. J. M. Coetzee is well known for being an active member of fighting for, human rights, animal rights and gender equality. J M Coetzee’s novel, Disgrace is published in 1999, which offers as explained by Paul Bailey â€Å" a subtle, multilayered story, as much concerned with politics as it is with the itch of male flesh.† Coetzee with this novel

The Issue Of The Canadian Immigration Act - 1399 Words

Background: Dating from early British era, Transgender, which is an umbrella term for lesbians, gays and bisexuals have been officially charged for crime called â€Å" gross indecency†. This penalty of this crime at first was death, which later on moderated and became imprisonment for a period of 10 years. Through 1947-1961, many amendments were made to the criminal code, which further criminalized the idea of trans genders. During the 1960s, the British Parliament deiced to decriminalize some of the offences of Tran genders. In the May of 1969, following the prime ministers elections, after Pierre Elliot Trudeau was elected as P.M., his government passed Bill C-150. This bill decriminalized gay sex for the first time†¦show more content†¦Bill C-23 introduced by the government included the traditional definition of marriage, which was â€Å"the union of one man and one women to the exclusion of all others†. This legislation kept trans genders from full marria ge rights. In 2005, the government released bill C-38, known as the Civil Marriage Act, which gave rights to same-sex couple to marry. What is Bill C-279? Bill C-279 also known, as the Gender Identify Bill is an act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal code to include both gender identity and gender expression. By allowing this bill, we would include gender identity and gender expression in to the lost of prohibited grounds of discrimination in the Canadian Human Rights and Criminal Code. The main objective of this bill is to protect transgendered individuals from any sort of discrimination and also ensure that transgendered individuals have access to justice and equality which is provide to every person in Canada by the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. What will the Bill C-279 do? Gender identify Bill will provide transgendered individuals with justice and equality based on Charter of Rights and Freedoms and also accomplish three things: 1. Amend the Canadian Human Rights Act to include gender identity and gender expression in the prohibited grounds of discrimination making it illegal to discriminate transgendered individuals on the bases of

The Evolution of Islam Judaism and Christianity Free Essays

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are the most recognized and popular religions around the globe. The three religions are in some ways very similar while at the same time very diverse. Collectively all three religions are monotheistic which means the belief in one God, creator of the Universe who hears the prayers of his faithfuls. We will write a custom essay sample on The Evolution of Islam Judaism and Christianity or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Jews believe that God made a pact with their ancestors, the Hebrews, saying that they are the chosen ones. They await the return if the Messiah. The Christians believe that God in the form of Jesus came to earth and established the Christian church amongst his apostles. The Muslims accept both the Jewish Messiah and the Christian Jesus, but in turn believe that their profit Muhammad was the last and greatest sent by God. The religions are all of book, and have written records of God’s words. The Jews have the Hebrew Bible, the Christians have the New and Old Testament of the Christian bible which includes the Hebrew Bible, and the Muslims have the Qur’an. One of the first major Jewish Architectural creations known is the First Temple in Jerusalem. This temple was built to house the Ark of the Covenant by King Soloman back in the 10th century, it later became a place for the Jewish to worship. However it was destroyed by the Babylonians, the people where exiled and the Ark stolen. There was another grand temple built after the land was returned to the Jews by Cyrus the Great of Persia, but again destroyed by the Romans. The temple was said to be made of imported wood and was supported by two large bronze pillars. A big part of Judaism is the educations of the religion, they gather in buildings called Synagogues for this very purpose. These buildings were used by Jewish men women and children to study the Torah, and was also used for social gatherings. Before buildings were specifically built for this purpose, they would meet in private homes or anywhere Torah scrolls were kept and read. Then the construction of house like buildings began. One of the first has an assembly hall, a courtyard, and a separate room for women, soon after residential rooms were added. The two architectural features that distinguished the assembly hall from the other rooms were long benches lining the walls, and a place for the scrolls. Jews also built meeting places like that of the Roman basilica. This included an aisle on both sides and separated from this an apse adorned with Torah scrolls and facing east. Once Christianity was recognized by the government it’s number grew rapidly, more specifically amongst the wealthy. Early Christian art is described as style and imagery of the Jewish and Roman visual traditions, this is called syncreatism. Artist take images from past traditions and give them their own purpose. The most famous is what is known as the Good Shepard. Before it was a depiction of Orpheus amongst his animals, or sometimes considered a personification of philanthropy. However in the time of early Christianity, this same image became a depiction of the Good Shepard of the book of Psalms. Most early Christian art is very rare and depicted either God, his son Jesus, or the Holy Ghost. Some of the few remains of art work are in catacombs which is where the dead were buried. The most famous of these are found where two Christians who were martyred for their faith are buried. The art work of their cubicula, or small room created for the deceased, is a painting of the Good Shepard. Under to painting are the words: â€Å"I am a good Shepard. A good Shepard lays down his life for the sheep. †, and around the painting are smaller paintings depicting the story of Jonah and the sea monster. Early Muslim architects were influenced by the Romans and the Byzantines. They began to build large numbers of mosques, palaces, and shrines. Of these buildings one of the most famous and recognized is the Dome of the Rock, or Haram Al-Sharif. The building site is said to be the place where Muhammad rose to the Heavens to be with God. This site also has important value to both Jews and Christians. For the Jews this is the site where both First and Second Jewish temples were built and destroyed. For the Christians this site marks the creation of Adam and where the patriarch Abraham was sent to kill his son by God. Because both Jewish and Christian faiths have history here, the building of the Dome of the Rock is the first architectural statement by Islam that it completes the other religions. How to cite The Evolution of Islam Judaism and Christianity, Essay examples

My mother bore me in the southern wild Essay Example

My mother bore me in the southern wild Essay My mother bore me in the southern wild, And I am black, but O! my soul is white; The little black boy has internalised conventional messages about black and white. The second line indicates that he has learned societys message that white means good and innocent. White as an angel is the English child, We will write a custom essay sample on My mother bore me in the southern wild specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on My mother bore me in the southern wild specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on My mother bore me in the southern wild specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But I am black as if bereavd of light. The third and fourth lines re-instate that he shares societys view that it is heavenly to be white; angels are close to god. Her feels like he has been given a harder lot in life in being black, that he has been denied the light of God. My mother taught me underneath a tree And sitting down before the heat of day, She took me on her lap and kissed me, And pointing to the east began to say: The illustration from the first plate shows the African mother explaining to her son, presumably already a slave; it is of innocence. The mother teaches the son to look ahead to a world to come rather than trying to transform this world through vision. Look on the rising sun: there God does live And gives his light, and gives his heat away. With the light and warmth being given to the white man, thus making it appear as though God favours him. And flowers and trees and beasts and men receive Comfort in morning, joy in the noon day. And we are put on earth a little space, That we may learn to bear the beams of love: And these black bodies and this sunburnt face Is but a cloud, and like a shady grove For when our souls have learned the heat to bear The cloud will vanish; we shall hear his voice, Saying: Come out from the grove, my love ; care, And round my golden tent like lambs rejoice. The childs mother consoles him with a vision of a better life to come, away from the prejudices and hardship of life, and the child accepts this, encouraging him to a further vision of leading rather than being led by the little white English boy to God and Heaven. The mothers teaching may itself be a form of innocence, and the boys vision of Heaven, transcending the divisions of race, is certainly innocent. The boy speaks from innocence and is comforted by his answer to his question, that there is a reason God gave the black boy a harder lot in life, that he has a mission to shade the English boy from the harsh rays of the sun. Thus did my mother say and kissed me: And thus I say to little English boy; When I from black and he from white cloud free, And round the tent of God like lambs we joy, The mother and chills view their present, earthly state as something negative, something un-divine which simply must be endured, while they look forward to the infinity in the future and divinity in the mysterious God who exists, what seems, light years away. The child accepts his mothers argument that earthly life is a life of acute suffering. Nonetheless, the mothers lesson to her son is different from what her son learns. He prophesises a time of harmony, when the spiritually superior black boy will have taught the white boy the ways of spiritual love. Blake systematically presents the speech of children as being characterised by compiled conjunctions. The mother and child in The Little Black Boy use just such speech, implicating both mother and son in using childish language to construct a wilfully, wishfully alternative version of reality. The understanding that Blake advocates here is extremely hopeful and is wholly an acceptance based in the heavenly sphere: only When I from black and he from white cloud free. Even the little boy listening to his mother seems to recognise that only in heaven, only when our souls have learned the heat to bear and God lets the cloud vanish will this sort of equality take place. Ill shade him from the heat, till he can bear To lean in joy upon our fathers knee: And then Ill stand and stroke his silver hair, And be like him and he will love me. The poems ending, in which the little black boy takes his mothers message of spiritual superiority and envisions himself helping the inferior white boy, as suggesting that the black boy has both accepted the mothers lesson and repudiated it, by using it, inappropriately, to cope with the problem it was intended to transcend. The Little Black Boy is a poem that is not about innocence, but about a deluded and self-deluding innocence that refuses to face its pain, and in doing so enacts hypocrisies attributed to Experience. The Little Black Boy is an excellent example of how the engraved images subtly change the meaning of the poem to expose the ugliness the poem implies, making it one of the most deliberately misleading and ironic of all Blakes lyrics. The illustration from the second plate shows the little black boys idea of heaven, in which he and the English boy will be free of the shade or shadow of colour and will both equally enjoy Gods presence. In the illustration, though, in contrast to the boys words, the little white boy seems to have all of Gods attention, while the little black boy is once again off to the side looking on, in a secondary or serving position. The last two lines talk of a heaven where the boy is free of the shade of colour, that in heaven, where he and the English boy stand and stroke his silver hair / And be like him and he will love me. Does he mean God, or the little English boy, or both? And dont these lines present a picture of Gods love as conditional (he will love me when I am like him, i.e. white) rather than unconditional? And what of the fact that the illustration seems to contrast with the words of the poem the two boys seem to have different coloured skin even in heaven, and only the white b oy seems close enough to stroke Gods hair? The first plate illustrates the state of innocence, the second, of experience. The characteristics of the second plates drawings are found nowhere else in the Songs of Innocence. For example, the rooted tree and muddy water which is said to represent repression and mans fallen state respectively. The Christ figure, which has been identified as the Creeping Jesus, is the Christ of the church, of institutionalised religion. Some believe The Little Black Boy proves Blake to be a racist. Are we to infer that he thought the black or white race superior? Either inference can be forced out of the details of the picture and poem. The poem to most appears to be a simple piece, free from any anxiety or tension, that of innocence, but with further study one realises that it is indeed a complex work resistant to definite interpretation.

Nokia Case Study essays

Nokia Case Study essays How does a 139-year-old Finnish company whose major product lines once included diapers and rubber boots become a leading-edge technology company? When questioned by MIT economist Bengt Holmstrom, Company CEO Jorma Ollila of Nokia insists that there is no secret code to the success of the company based in an inhospitably cold home market of just 5 million people. The key to success for Nokia is establishing the right balance between innovation and execution. According to Ollila, in a technology business, you need a tremendous amount of innovation, but with these volumes and growth you need to execute or it will kill you...I think we have done that better than anybody else.i Nokia Corporation is a world leader in global communications headquartered in Espoo, Finland, just outside of Helsinki. Nokias global presence is established by its 16 manufacturing facilities and 11 research and development centers in 11 different countries around the world. Their 51,000 employees contributed to the sales of 179 million units in 2003, which translated to over $36 billion in net sales and an operating profit of $6.3 billion (appendix i). Nokias $99.1 billion market capitalization makes it the largest company in the telecom equipment makers industry. In 1998, Nokia surpassed Motorola to become the worlds leading maker of mobile phones and has a 34% market share in 2003 (appendix ii). The company has been listed on various exchanges, such as the London Stock Exchange, but it was not until 1994, that Nokia finally listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the NOK ticker symbol where the majority of their cash was generated to buy-out the antsy Finnish shareholders during their troubled early years. Between 1997 and 2000, the stock had increased 2,300% to the delight of their shareholders and proved that Nokia was able to adopt shareholder-value-based thinking. In 2004, Nokia reorganized its organizati...

Reasons to Learn French

Reasons to Learn French There are all kinds of reasons to learn a foreign language in general and French in particular. Lets start with the general. Why Learn a Foreign Language? Communication An obvious reason to learn a new language is to be able to communicate with the people who speak it. This includes both the people you meet when traveling as well as people in your community. Your trip to another country will be greatly enhanced in both ease of communication and friendliness if you speak the language. Speaking anothers language shows respect for that culture, and people in every country prefer it when tourists make an effort to speak the local language, even if all you can say in it is hello and please. Also, learning another language can also help you to communicate with local immigrant populations at home. Cultural Understanding Speaking a new language helps you to get to know other people and their culture, as language and culture go hand in hand. Because language simultaneously defines and is defined by the world around us, learning another language opens ones mind to new ideas and new ways of looking at the world. For example, the fact that many languages have more than one translation of you indicates that these languages (and the cultures that speak them) place a greater emphasis on distinguishing between audiences than does English. French distinguishes between tu (familiar) and vous (formal/plural), while Spanish has five words that indicate one of four categories: familiar/singular (tà º or vos, depending on the country), familiar/plural (vosotros), formal/singular (Ud) and formal/plural (Uds). Meanwhile, Arabic distinguishes between nta (masculine singular), nti (feminine singular), and ntuma (plural). In contrast, English uses you for masculine, feminine, familiar, formal, singular, and plural. The fact that these languages have such different ways of looking at you indicates cultural differences between the people who speak them: French and Spanish focus on familiarity vs. formality, while Arabic emphasizes gender. This is just one example of many of the linguistic and cultural differences between languages. Also, when you speak another language, you can enjoy literature, film, and music in the original language. It is extremely difficult for a translation to be a perfect replica of the original; the best way to understand what the author meant is to read what the author wrote. Business and Careers Speaking more than one language is a skill which will increase your marketability. Schools and employers tend to prefer candidates who speak one or more foreign languages. Even though English is widely spoken in much of the world, the fact is that the global economy depends on communication. When dealing with France, for example, someone who speaks French will have an obvious advantage over someone who doesnt. Language Enhancement Learning another language can help you to understand your own. Many languages have contributed to the development of English, so learning those will teach you where words and even grammatical structures are from, and augment your vocabulary to boot. Also, in learning how another language differs from your own, you will increase your understanding of your language. For many people, language is innate- we know how to say something, but we dont necessarily know why we say it that way. Learning another language can change that.Each subsequent language you study will be, in some respects, a little easier, because youve already learned how to learn another language. Plus, if the languages are related, such as French and Spanish, German and Dutch, or Arabic and Hebrew, some of what youve already learned will apply to the new language as well, making the new language that much easier. Test Scores As years of foreign language study increase, math and verbal SAT scores increase. Children who study a foreign language often have higher standardized test scores in math, reading, and language arts. Foreign language study can help to increase problem-solving skills, memory, and self-discipline. Why Learn French? If you are a native English speaker, one of the best reasons to learn French is to help you understand your language. Although English is a Germanic language, French has had an enormous impact on it. French is the largest donor of foreign words in English. Unless your English vocabulary is much higher than average,  learning French  will greatly increase the number of English words you know. French is spoken as a native language in more than two dozen countries on five continents. Depending on your sources, French is either the 11th or the 13th most common native language in the world, with 72 to 79 million native speakers and another 190 million secondary speakers. French is the second most commonly taught second language in the world (after English), making it a real possibility that speaking French will come in handy practically anywhere you travel. French in Business In 2003, the United States was Frances leading investor, accounting for 25% of the new jobs created in France from foreign investment. There are 2,400 US companies in France generating 240,000 jobs. American companies with offices in France include IBM, Microsoft, Mattel, Dow Chemical, SaraLee, Ford, Coca-Cola, ATT, Motorola, Johnson  Ã‚  Johnson, Ford, and  Hewlett Packard. France is the second leading investor in the United States: more than 3,000 French companies have subsidiaries in the US and generate some 700,000 jobs, including Mack Trucks, Zenith, RCA-Thomson, Bic, and Dannon. French in the United States French is the 3rd most frequently spoken  non-English  language in US homes and the second most commonly taught foreign language in the United States (after Spanish). French in the World French is an official working language in dozens of  international organizations, including the United Nations, the International Olympic Committee, and the International Red Cross. French is the lingua franca of culture, including art, cuisine, dance, and fashion. France has won more Nobel Prizes for literature than any other country in the world and is one of the top producers of international films. French is the second most frequently used language on the internet. French is ranked as the 2nd most influential language in the world. Oh, and one other thing- Spanish is  not  easier than French! Sources Admissions Testing Program of the College Board. France in the U.S.  Franco-American Business Ties Rock Solid,  News from France  vol 04.06, May 19, 2004. Rhodes, N. C., Branaman, L. E. Foreign language instruction in the United States: A national survey of elementary and secondary schools. Center for Applied Linguistics and Delta Systems, 1999. Summer Institute for Linguistics Ethnologue Survey, 1999. United States Census, Ten Languages Most Frequently Spoken at Home Other than English and Spanish: 2000, figure 3. Weber, George. The Worlds 10 Most Influential Languages, Language Today, Vol. 2, Dec 1997.

Event Leadership Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Event Leadership - Research Paper Example The role of the event producer is a major one and usually inter-links with the event manager. In an event management company the role of the event producer is a representative who is the lead producer of the event who evaluates the supplies, vendors, number of staffs and subcontractors who will work on the event. Together they become the production team (Matthews 2007). Event manager: The event manager has an overlapping role of administration, coordination, marketing, and managing legal, risks or ethical issues. The event manager either supports or is the same as the event producer. He has similar responsibilities in the production of the special event depending on the width and breadth of the event (Goldblatt 2004). Administrating contractor: This is the person or organization responsible for recruiting the staffs necessary for carrying out the tasks during the event. The event producer sometimes take on the task of hiring, training, and firing of personnel involved in the team but is not directly responsible for contracting them. The event producer pays for them and even provides the technical expertise to effectively coordinate the activities but the staffs remain under the supervision of the contractor. Directors: These individuals are those who are the stakeholders such as the financiers, organizations, individuals or officials who are paying for the event. They usually have direct influence over the flow of the event, its successful production and its completion. They are in essence the "boss". Legal representatives: Sometimes the nature of the event requires intervention from public organizations which are external to the event such as the government, police department, fire brigade department and officials. To ensure that the event complies with local policies and procedures, state, provincial or federal laws, legal representatives may be recruited to guide the event producer in this arena (Goldblatt